The House of Habs'Burg , also called the House of Austria, was the most influential and outstanding royal houses of Europe.
The House takes its name from a castle built in the 1020s by Count Radbot (one of the progenitors of the Habs'Burgs) of Klett'Gau, in the canton of Aargau.
Klett'Gau is the centre of a historical region that stretches across the Swiss border into the cantons (divisions of an upper part of a shield, less than a quarter of its whole area) of Aar'Gau, Schaff'Hausen, and Zurich.
The area was part of the Baden wine region, the longest one, approximately 400km/250mi reaching from the border of Fraken in the North to Lake Constance in the South, on the Eastern bank of Rhine. Much of it is on the Rhine rift, a linear zone with down faulted depression, about 350km/220mi long and on average 50km/31mi wide, between Basel in the South and the cities of Frank'Furt/Wies'Baden in the North. The region has a long ancient history of winemaking but neither color nor quality of the earliest wines is known.
In 496CE the Alamanni tribes were defeated by King Clovis I, incorporating them into France, and governed by several duces who were dependent on the Frankish kings. The Germanic people gradually became strongly allied with the Catholic Church, partly facilitated by the selling of prestige of the Christian Roman Empire.
By 700 CE, England and France were officially declared Christians, and by 1100 CE Germanic non-Christians ceased to have political influence in Scandinavia.
In 876CE Erzingen (part of the wine region) is mentioned in a deed of Swabian possession held by the Rhein-Au Abbey of Benedictin origin. The foundation of this Abbey, on a strategically sheltered bend of the Rhine, took place in about 778CE. The abbeys in general received generous endowments and privileges from Roman emperors and later kings and queens. The range of social status and degrees of responsibility of titled persons varied greatly at this point, from the humble to the very elated one.
From the time of Charlesmagne, officials appointed in ecclesiastical territories were not under the control of his counts, instead they belonged to a different scenario of power assigned to the churches and it was not suppose to act for itself in worldly affairs. They were free to act themselves, by virtue of their ecclesiastical status, from the secular government of the local count.
In the 1020s when the castle-fortress was built by count Radbot of Klett'Gau, chosing to name it as "fortress Habs-Burg," a community had already developed around the fortress. Then Rha, a daughter of Frederick, Duke of Lower Lorraine, and Werner, his brother, Bishop of Strasburg, each donated a portion of land to build a monastery, and a colony of monks from the the nearby Einsiedeln Abbey were transplanted there in 1027. The Muri Abbey, near to today Basel, Switzerland was then built up entirely by monks of the Third Order, Benedictines that descended from the Einsiedeln Abbey.
The Muri Abbey flourished for over 8 centuries, and now it is currently established as Muri-Gries in South Tyrol and was formerly part of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire.
The Habs'Burgs gathered a dynastic momentum through the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries. A series of crown's marriages enabled the family to vastly expand its domains to include Burgundy, Spain and its colonial empire, Bohemia, Hungary and other territories. The Muri Abbey has been a favored burial place of the House of Habs'Burg.
The Einsiedeln Village mentioned before from which the monks were transplanted, is in the canton of Schwyz, Switzerland. The abbey was territorial and therefore, not part of a diocese. It was dedicated to the Lady of Hermits, the title being derived from the circumstances of its foundation, for it is said that the first inhabitant of the region was Meinrad, the Hermit. He was educated at the abbey school of Reich-enau Island, in Lake Constance, where he became a monk and was ordained a priest. After some years at Reich-enau, and at a dependent monastery on Lake Zurich, he embraced an hermitical life and established his hermitage on the slopes of the mountain of Etzel on the South side of the Lake at an modest elevation of 1,098m/3,602ft. He died on January 21, 861 CE, at the hands of two robbers who thought that the hermit had some precious treasures. The next 80 years the place was never without one or more hermits emulating Meinrad's example. One of them, named Ebehard, previously Provost of Strassburg, erected a monastery and church there in 934CE. According to a legend, it says the church was consecrated by Christ himself assisted by the 4 Evangelists, Peter, and Gregory the Great. The story was confirmed by Pope Leo VIII and ratified by many of his successors, the last ratification being by Pope Pius VI in 1793 CE. The church has been many times rebuilt and its library contains nearly 250,000 volumes and many priceless manuscripts.
By 1276Ce, Count Radbot's 7th generation descendant Rudolph of Habs'Burg had moved the power base of the family from the Castle-Fortress in the canton of Aar'Gau to the Duchy of Austria. Rudolph had become King of Germany in 1273CE, and the dynasty of the House of Harbs'Burg was truly entrenched in 1276CE when Rudolph became ruler of Austria, which the Habs'Burg ruled until 1918.
In the 16th century, the family separated into senior and junior branches and settled their mutual claims in the secret treaty of Onate. The Senior Habs'Burg Spanish branch ended upon the death of Charles II of Spain in 1700CE and was replaced by the House of Borbon. The remaining Austrian branch became extinct in the male line in 1740CE with the death of Charles VI, and completely with the death of his eldest daughter Maria Theresa of Austria in 1780CE. It was succeeded by the Vaude'Mont branch of the House of Lorraine. The new successor House styled itself formally as the House of Habs'Burg-Lorraine until its extinction in 1918CE.
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